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Isaac & Ishmael, I

"...[T]he sovereignty of the people, by nature unlimited, is exceedingly dangerous to minorities. To be sure, it has not turned out so in Western democratic states. This is because Western democracy developed in homogeneous communities,  where people find themselves in very different positions but not in inherently incompatible relationships; that is, they shared the same beliefs, the same customs ... It is convenient for the purposes of constitutional government to have two coherent teams, but this should not lead us to the supposition that within the nation there exist coherent groups, one of which will find itself in a permanent minority. Speaking of 'two nations within one' is a figure of speech, and woe to the nation where it becomes truth.

"These remarks are trite, but they illustrate the dilemma posed when 'two nations' really exist, two communities, distinct in origin, in language, in faith, in customs. In that case, the two communities can be made to live together in amity only under neutral law, under a government which obeys neither but serves both. If representative government is introduced, however, such a government will be representative of one or the other community, not of both. Palestine was for many years a headache to British statesmanship; this territory housed two distinct populations, Arabs and Hebrews; each 'nation' had a 'national will' but there was none common to both. In such a situation, the community weakest in numbers cannot accept, as the Hebrews would not, the institution of popular sovereignty; for the Arabs, who bitterly resented the settling of the land by the Hebrews, even though this was enriching the country and redounding to the benefit of all, would have exerted through their communal will, made sovereign by their predominance in numbers, against the achievements and the very existence of the less numerous community. The problem was capable of no rational solution." [emphasis added]

Bertrand de Jouvenel, "Reflections on Colonialism" in Economics and Good Life: Essays on Political Economy (1955)

December 15, 2005 | Permalink

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